Present Forms
Present Simple
- · Permanent situations or states
 - · Permanent truths or laws of nature
 - · Repeated/habitual actions
 - · Reviews/sports/commentaries/ dramatic narrative “Pavarotti songs wonderfully in this opera”
 - · Timetables/programs (future meaning) “The race starts at 3:00”
 - · Exclamatory sentences “Here comes the bride”
 
Expressions: every day/week/month/year, usually, sometimes, always (every day), rarely, never, often, in the morning/evening/afternoon, at night, on Mondays
Present Continuous 
- · Temporary situations “She is working in Paris this week”
 - · Changing or developing situations “Mary is putting on weight”
 - · Frequently repeated actions with always, constantly, continually expressing annoyance or criticism “He’s always asking stupid questions”
 - · Actions happening at or around the moment of speaking
 - · Fixed arrangements in the near future “I’m seeing Rachel tonight”
 
Expressions: now, at the moment, at present, nowadays, today, tonight, always (constantly), still
Present Perfect
- · Recently completed actions “He has cut the grass”
 - · Complete past actions connected to the present with stated or unstated time reference “He has sold his car”
 - · Personal experiences/changes which have happened “I have learnt a lot this year”
 - · Emphasis on number “He has read three novels this week”; “She has interviewed seven students this morning”
 
Present Perfect Continuous
- · Actions started in the past and continuing up to the present “He has been washing his bike for an hour” (He started and hour ago and he’s still washing it)
 - · Past actions of certain duration having visible results or effects in the present “He has been fighting. That’s why he’s got a black eye”
 - · To express anger, irritations, annoyance, explanations or criticism “Someone has been lying to me”
 - · Present Perfect Continuous is normally used with for, since or how long to put emphasis n duration “She has been waiting since 4 o’clock”
 
Expressions for Present Perfect and Present Perfect Continuous: just, ever, never, already, yet (negations and questions), always, how long, so far, recently, since, for, today, this week/month